energy.agwired.com

Shitake mushrooms are tasty delicacies that are known for their smoky, rich flavor – but they also have another attribute that could help increase the efficiency of ethanol refining. Scientists with USDA’s Ag Research Service are studying the Shitake mushroom’s natural ability to dissolve wood into sugar and they have identified and copied the gene in the mushroom that performs that task.

Called Xyn11A, the gene carries the instructions that the mushroom uses to make an enzyme known as xylanase which the researchers believe could speed up the fermenting process at biorefineries.

The full press release on the subject can be read here.

The U.S. ethanol industry has already met – and beat – the requirement for the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) set for 2006 this year, according to the Renewable Fuels Association. RFA quotes the September report from the Energy Information Administration that puts ethanol production in September at an average 261,000 barrels per day (b/d), which is almost 11 million gallons. Multiply that by 365 and they come up with an annualized figure of over 4 billion gallons – the goal for the first year of the RFS, which is next year.
“Some people questioned whether the ethanol industry would be able to meet the RFS requirement of 4 billion gallons in 2006,” said RFA President Bob Dinneen. “Well, this announcement by EIA answered those skeptics. On an annualized basis, we’re producing that much ethanol today! With more than a billion gallons of production capacity currently in construction, the U.S. ethanol industry will very soon become the world’s leading producer of renewable fuels.”

So there!

I had to look back at recent posts to make sure I had not already done this story, since I have written about so many new plants lately. This one was actually announced November 9, and it’s a significant one because it would be the largest in the country and would make Cargill the second largest ethanol producer in the country. Cargill is planning to build a second plant in Blair, NE that would produce 110 million gallons of ethanol per year. Currently, the largest plant in the country is Aventine Renewable Energy’s plant in Pekin, IL at 100 million – at least two other 100 mmgy plants are in the works, in Texas and Missouri. Aventine is currently the country’s second largest producer, but a far second from leader Archer-Daniels Midland. ADM produced over a billion gallons of ethanol last year at seven plants in the midwest. Cargill’s new plant would raise their total annual U.S. production capacity to 230 million gallons.

The already huge CHS, Inc. got bigger this week as it acquired 28 percent ownership in U.S. BioEnergy Corporation, an ethanol production and marketing firm.
CHS, a diversified energy, grains, and foods company, reported over $221 million in earnings last year and now plans to dive right in to the ethanol production arena, according to John Johnson, CHS president and chief executive officer. “By working with an established company, CHS becomes actively involved in the renewable fuels manufacturing arena more quickly and on a broader basis than it could have on its own.” CHS has sold ethanol-blended fuels for more than 25 years and currently is one of the nation’s largest suppliers of blended fuel products at 500 million gallons annually, distributed through 64 terminals. CHS is the conglomerate formed when Cenex and Harvest States Cooperatives merged in 1998. US BioEnergy is a Brookings, S.D. based company that currently has two ethanol plants under construction, US Bio Albert City, a 100-million gallons/year plant in Iowa and US Bio Superior Corn, a 45-mgy plant near Lake Odessa, Mich. In addition, US Bio Janesville, a 100 mgy plant in Minnesota, is under development and other projects are being considered. In addition, US BioEnergy’s subsidiary UBE, provides ethanol and dried distiller grains marketing and/or management services for 11 operating plants and six currently under construction.